Facultad de Ingeniería

URI permanente para esta comunidad

https://hdl.handle.net/1992/51811

Encuentre en acceso abierto la producción académica, investigativa y de creación de la Facultad de Ingeniería, de la Universidad de los Andes, compuesta por diversos contenidos como: trabajos de grado de sus diferentes programas, artículos académicos, documentos de trabajo, entre otros.

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1# Expressive - a language for text register programs
(Uniandes, 2016) Cerón Uribe, Santiago; Takahashi Rodríguez, Silvia
Acceso abierto
2D CFD modelling of the drift flux velocity in two-phase Air-Newtonian slug-flow pattern flow along horizontal pipelines
(Universidad de los Andes, 2018) Alarcón López, Mariana; Ríos Ratkovich, Nicolás; Gómez Ramírez, Jorge Mario
The present study analyzes the drift velocity of a synthetic oil in horizontal two-phase slug flow pipelines, by evaluating the effect of some physical properties, such as density and dynamic viscosity, and pipeline characteristics, such as the length of the pipe, due to its applications in various industries as in the O&G industry processes. This was achieved by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool approaches. The STAR-CCM+ software was utilized to simulate a half circular pipeline with a symmetry plane in a 2D mesh model, analyzing three different turbulence models. This model was fixed with a mesh independence test to obtain an accurate number of cells for the grid. The CFD results were compared with the experimental data gathered by the Tulsa University Fluid Flow Project (2018) research group. The drift velocity results achieved with a reasonable accuracy level in the pipeline, with error values under 15%. A dimensionless analysis for the experimental and CFD Reynolds numbers was done, concluding that the drift velocity within the pipe is dominated by viscous forces that overcome the inertial forces.
Acceso abierto
3-in-1 approach to assess a commercial gas hydrate inhibitor
(Universidad de los Andes, 2018) Martínez Gutiérrez, Camilo Alberto; Beltrán, Juan Guillermo; Leal Ortíz, Jorjhan Oscarly
"Se estudió la aplicabilidad de una nueva técnica 3 en 1 para evaluar una formulación comercial de un inhibidor de hidratos de gas. La morfología, cinética y equilibrio de fases fueron estudiadas para un sistema con una fracción másica de 0.01 de inhibidor. Se demostró que la técnica es la adecuada para evaluar este inhibidor comercial. La morfología de los hidratos fue reproducible. Los ciclos de formación parecieron tener un efecto sobre la morfología. El tamaño de los granos formados disminuía a medida que el número de ciclos aumentaba. El inhibidor estudiado no demostró ningún tipo de inhibición termodinámica. La temperatura de equilibrio hidrato-líquido-vapor a una presión de 5.1 MPa fue 280.2 K con una incertidumbre experimental de 0.06 K. Se pudo observar inhibición cinética. La velocidad de crecimiento de la película de hidrato fue reducida en un factor de 2.7 para sub enfriamientos bajos..." -- Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado
Acceso abierto
3-in-1 technique applied to mixed CH4:CO2 gas hydrates
(Universidad de los Andes, 2019) Ortiz Torres, Nathalia; Beltrán, Juan Guillermo; Leal Ortíz, Jorjhan Oscarly
The 3-in-1 method was used to study hydrate morphology, kinetics and phase equilibria of hydrates formed in gas-dominated systems containing pure CH4, pure CO2, and two CH4:CO2 mixtures (80:20 and 30:70 on a molar basis). This technique offered high resolution imaging and a tight control of pressure and temperature. The same experimental temperatures were used for all gas compositions. Different pressures allowed to match subcoolings across mixtures, in the range of {delta}Tsub = 0.5 K to {delta}Tsub = 4.5. In addition, multiple driving forces were studied in a single experiment using temperature gradients across a single sample. Crystal morphology was found to be highly dependent on the CH4:CO2 molar ratio, and a higher dependence on the {delta}Tsub was observed for methane-rich hydrate morphology. The measured hydrate film growth rate increased with increasing CO2 content and increasing {delta}Tsub. Hydrate growth beyond the original droplet boundary ('halo') was observed for pure CO2 and the two mixtures, and it was found to be dependent on the CH4:CO2 molar ratio and {delta}Tsub. A stepwise dissociation was used to measured the H-L-V equilibrium temperature (THLV). The dissociation was carried out by setting a gradient along the slide, which allowed a close control of the H-L-V interface position.
Acceso abierto
39th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society
(Ediciones Uniandes, 2024-12) Perilla, Jairo Ernesto; Sierra, Cesar; Salcedo, Felipe; Medina, Jorge Alberto
The 39th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS-39) was hosted by Uni versidad de los Andes and ICIPC and attended by nearly 435 participants from 41 countries. Besides traditional symposia about polymer processing, the PPS-39 program included four special symposia on Biopolymers, Biocomposites, and Bioprocessings; Circular Economy of Polymers; Degradation; and Biodegradation and Composting, and Polymers in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, for a total of 20 symposia. These proceedings contain papers from prominent professors, scientists, students, and engineers active in the field of polymer processing. These proceedings will be of interest to Researchers from academia and industry, students, and postdoctoral fellows
Acceso abierto
3D Human pose estimation from egocentric inputs
(Universidad de los Andes, 2024-12-12) Escobar Palomeque, María Camila; Arbeláez Escalante, Pablo Andrés; Giraldo Trujillo, Luis Felipe; Kevis-Kokitsi Maninis; Thabet, Ali; Facultad de Ingeniería
Egocentric pose estimation is essential for developing embodied AI systems capable of interacting naturally with humans and their environments. This thesis addresses the challenges of first-person pose estimation through a series of interconnected studies. The first study, BoDiffusion, presents a generative model that synthesizes full-body motion from sparse inputs. The second study, Ego-Exo4D, establishes a benchmark for pose estimation in real-life settings with diverse activities. The final study, EgoCast, focuses on current pose estimation and forecasting in the wild, integrating visual and proprioceptive inputs to handle dynamic and unscripted environments. Together, these contributions provide robust, temporally consistent methods for real-world 3D pose estimation.
Acceso abierto
3RCity
(Universidad de los Andes, 2017) Pino Reyes, Omar Leonardo; Zucchet Cárdenas, Diego Alejandro; Figueroa Forero, Pablo Alejandro; 79520709
The project consists in the development of a serious videogame, using the SCRUM methodology. The game teaches the player how recycling is happening in a city.--Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.
Acceso abierto
3RCity 2
(Universidad de los Andes, 2017) Camacho Caro, Juan Pablo; Madera Rangel, Sergio Miguel; Riaño Riaño, José Alejandro; Figueroa Forero, Pablo Alejandro
"3RCity is a serious game whose main goal is to illustrate part of the garbage recycling and treatment process. The original game was developed the first semester of the year 2017 as a component of the graduation project of the System and Computing Engineering students, Alejandro Zucchet Cárdenas and Omar Pino Reyes. That project consisted on the initial design and development of the game the corresponding documentation of the engineering process. The current project, 3RCity 2, is a continuation of said work. After developing a playable version, the game was exposed and user tested at the 2017 SOFA convention in Bogotá. The analysis of the feedback received was used to implement changes aimed to make the mechanics more understandable and improve playability. A final version was uploaded online and Unity Analytics functionalities were used to get gameplay data from the online players."--Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado
Acceso abierto
6G: Nuevas tecnologias y sus aplicaciones
(Universidad de los Andes, 2022-12-06) Caballero Suárez, Jhorman Orlando; Suárez Pulido, David Santiago; Donoso Meisel, Yezyd Enrique; 85462189
A lo largo de los últimos años las necesidades de los sistemas tecnológicos han incrementado en gran medida en diferentes ámbitos, siendo algunos de los más importantes el ancho de banda y la latencia para la prestación de servicios de calidad. Por lo tanto, se harán cada vez más evidentes las carencias de las redes 4G y 5G para el soporte de estos sistemas, cuestión que dejará de ocurrir con el desarrollo y lanzamiento comercial de las redes 6G, las cuales están pensadas para estar en la capacidad de proporcionar todas las características que no se lograron con la salida de 5G. Es por esto que a lo largo del documento se mencionarán todas las posibilidades que ofrece la sexta generación de redes móviles en diferentes áreas, como lo son tecnologías inmersivas, salud, sociedad super inteligente e industria. Además, a lo largo de cada una de las mencionadas categorías, se ahondará en diferentes aplicaciones con el objetivo de dar a conocer las capacidades ofrecidas en 6G.
Acceso abierto
A biomechanical analysis of the anterolateral ligament of the knee - a finite element analysis
(Uniandes, 2016) Delgadillo Arias, David; Son, Jaebum; Briceño Triana, Juan Carlos; Duplat, José Luis; Zayed Hernández, Gamal
Acceso abierto
A Colombian inter-urban transport model - a tool for planning in developing countries
(Uniandes, 2014) Aguillón Buitrago, Javier Orlando; Páez Barajas, Daniel Eduardo; Estupiñan Alvarado, Nicolás Francisco; Gómez Gélvez, Julián Andrés
Acceso abierto
A column generation based heuristic for two-dimensional cutting stock problems with variable dimensions
(Uniandes, 2010) Ramírez Ramos, Mauricio Adolfo; Medaglia González, Andrés
In the Two-Dimensional Multiple Stock Size Cutting Stock Problem with Variable Dimensions (2D MSSCSP-VD) one wishes to fulfill the demand for a set of two-dimensional items out of a set of stock sheets, each of which has dimensions that may vary in some given range, at minimum cost. Research is scarce on Cutting Stock problems involving variable dimensions so we propose a heuristic to tackle this problem based on existing column generation and dynamic programming strategies. To evaluate its flexibility and the quality of its solutions we test it on a wide range of instances both from the literature and designed by us. The computational experiments show that not only does the approach produce solutions of excellent quality, but also that it is flexible and outperforms other heuristics for related problems that can be reduced to the 2D MSSCSP-VD, such as the 2D MSSCSP and 2D SSSCSP.
Acceso abierto
A comparative study on the growth mechanism, kinetics and morphology of carbon dioxide and methane hydrates
(Uniandes, 2016) Sandoval Rueda, Juan Felipe; Beltrán, Juan Guillermo; Álvarez Solano, Oscar Alberto; Gómez Ramírez, Jorge Mario
Acceso abierto
A compartmentalized simulation model for evaluation of HPV vaccination policies in Colombia
(Uniandes, 2017) Angulo Díaz, Karen Daniela; Akhavan Tabatabaei, Raha; Mura, Ivan
Acceso abierto
A complex systems approach to understand the influence of community-based interventions in spatial segregation patterns in Colombia
(Universidad de los Andes, 2023-04-17) Useche Luque, Andrés Felipe; Montes Jiménez, Felipe; Sarmiento Dueñas, Olga Lucia; 1020714557; 39783924; Diez Roux, Ana; Gómez Gardéñes, Jesús; Álvarez Rivadulla, María José; Sánchez Silva, Edgar Mauricio; TESO
Latin America is a region where urbanization processes are strongly transforming cities, turning small and medium-sized cities into large cities. These transitions represent a challenge in the search to build fairer and more sustainable cities. Among these challenges is the search to close social inequality gaps. These inequalities can sometimes be generated by the processes of social conformation of populations, especially the most vulnerable along the cities. In Latin America, these dynamics are strongly rooted in segregation processes, a recurrent pattern in the region's cities. Although segregation is a social phenomenon, it is a process intrinsically related to space. Community-based interventions have been widely used throughout Latin American cities as a strategy to break patterns of segregation and reduce inequality gaps. However, understanding the effects of these interventions on the communities they are intended to benefit presents a challenge. The multidimensional nature of segregation and its intrinsic relationship with space is a challenge in understanding its effects on possible social processes such as selective migration. This thesis aims to develop a robust understanding of segregation and the effects that community-based interventions can have on these dynamics. Starting from a conceptual framework rooted in complex systems, this thesis seeks to understand the relationships between segregation, space, and community-based interventions in Colombia, using as a case study the case of TransMiCable in Bogotá. The first part presents a characterization of the built environment in Latin America, understanding the importance of space in the configuration of segregation. The heterogeneity of the built environment allows visualizing the existing differences between countries and cities with different characteristics, which show the different challenges that public policy actors must face. Within this characterization, associations with social determinants of health were identified, which provide evidence of the importance of space configuration in inequality and poverty processes. The second part presents a characterization of spatial segregation patterns in Colombia, one of the most unequal countries in the region. Segregation patterns show a non-uniform distribution of the most educated people in cities, as well as Afro-Colombians, mulattos, or blacks compared to mestizos. Additionally, the most isolated people and employees are isolated from other groups. These patterns show strong concentration processes of wealth in specific cities and with the transitions of segregation processes towards more focused segregation patterns within cities. These patterns are related to space, where more fragmented cities exhibit a more uniform distribution and less isolation. Finally, the last part analyzes the case study of the cable car in Ciudad Bolivar, a community intervention carried out in Bogotá led by a community initiative, which, through community participation and social cohesion, achieved the creation of the entire urban intervention. The intervention, beyond achieving an improvement in living conditions, air quality, and transport time, has generated greater social cohesion and strengthening of the social tissue. These elements represent a way to attenuate processes such as selective migration, where a transition of social capital and a construction of more cohesive interpersonal networks can represent a strategy to favor the most vulnerable populations. This premise seeks to generate evidence on the importance of social capital and the social tissue in attenuating selective migration processes that lead to the formation of segregation patterns in cities. The case of TransMiCable in Bogotá is an example of how citizen participation and an intervention accompanied by the community in its design and implementation can help mitigate selective migration patterns, where in the 5 years since its inauguration, it has favored the migration of vulnerable populations to less segregated areas compared to more segregated areas.
Acceso abierto
A complexity approach to understand the mechanisms for advancing collective efficacy to collective effectiveness in well-being interventions
(Universidad de los Andes, 2024-12-04) Guerra Bernal, Ana María; Montes Jiménez, Felipe; Sarmiento, Olga Lucia; Ramírez, María Catalina; Stephens, Dionne; Facultad de Ingeniería::TESO; Facultad de Medicina::Grupo de Epidemiología de La Universidad de los Andes (Epiandes)
This doctoral thesis explores mechanisms that facilitate the transition from collective efficacy to collective effectiveness in social interventions aimed at improving well-being in Colombia. Collective effectiveness is defined here as a community's capacity not only to act under ideal conditions (efficacy) but to implement and sustain these actions in complex, real-world settings, responding effectively to local needs and challenges. This distinction between efficacy and effectiveness underscores the gap between theory and practical application in social well-being interventions, a challenge this research addresses through an interdisciplinary framework of Complex Systems Theory. The methodology of this thesis follows a step-by-step approach to operationalize collective efficacy and transform it into collective effectiveness. First, it examines the interdependence of trust, cooperation, and cohesion as key elements of collective efficacy. Then, it identifies mechanisms required to consolidate this efficacy into effective practices. Through case studies integrating these approaches, it identifies and evaluates the factors that drive collective effectiveness, resulting in a model that could enable communities to sustain structural and functional changes over time. In this thesis, each methodology supports the transition from collective efficacy to collective effectiveness within communities. Social Network Analysis (SNA) allows for mapping relational dynamics, uncovering the flow of social capital, and identifying influential actors and potential bridging points, thus informing targeted interventions to strengthen cohesion and mobilize resources. Then, the Our Voice approach in Citizen Science includes community members as active agents and observers within the system, fostering a sense of ownership and agency essential for understanding empirically the potential mechanisms for moving from theoretical potential to realized, community-led action. Finally, Organizational Cybernetics introduces a systems-level framework by positioning researchers as second-order observers who analyze not only the community dynamics but also how participants interact with the system itself. Through principles of feedback, recursion levels, and adaptability, Organizational Cybernetics creates a viable system model where the identified mechanisms relate making the whole system work cohesively to foster collective effectiveness. The research findings are based on three case studies: a physical activity program among children in Bogotá, a support network among breast cancer survivors, and the Our Voice project in Santa Ana (composed of two subprojects). Each case reveals unique mechanisms that promote collective effectiveness. For example, the physical activity program among children in Bogotá suggests that ICT-supported interventions can enhance social bonds and cohesion within communities. In the breast cancer survivor study, strengthened support networks illustrate how brokerage roles can facilitate community resilience, and how a support cohesive network can emerge from an intervention. Finally, in the Our Voice study, adolescent participation in advocating for community improvement demonstrated how citizen science fosters social engagement and cohesion, which are essential elements for sustaining collective effectiveness. The thesis culminates in a proposed model linking collective efficacy (ideal conditions) with collective effectiveness (real-world contexts), promoting sustainable, community-driven development strategies tailored to the needs of vulnerable communities. With implications for policy/intervention development and community practices, this thesis contributes to create community-based strategies for fostering trust, cooperation, cohesion, and collective effectiveness essential for long-term social development in Colombia and similar socioeconomic contexts.
Acceso abierto
A continous Tendon-Driven Delta Robot - The Dr. Otto Octavius Project
(Universidad de los Andes, 2024-06-15) Álvarez Vanegas, Daniel Alejandro; Camargo Leyva, Jonathan; Jonathan Camargo Leyva
This document presents the design, implementation, and testing of a Tendon-Driven Continuum Robot (TDCR) named "Dr. Otto Octavius." The project aims to explore the capabilities and applications of a soft robotic system driven by tendons, similar to the muscular structure of an octopus. The robot consists of multiple segments and sections connected by joints, actuated by tendons controlled via a custom-designed electronic and communication system.The report details the mechanical design, including the structure and assembly of the robot, and the development of the control electronics, emphasizing the integration of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) system for precise motion tracking. Calibration procedures for both initial offsets and movement verification are described to ensure accurate control and operation of the robot. Furthermore, the document includes an analysis of the robot’s performance in executing various movements and provides troubleshooting guidelines and maintenance recommendations. The project demonstrates the potential of TDCRs in accessing difficult-to-reach areas, assisting in manufacturing processes, and supporting individuals with disabilities, highlighting the versatility and adaptability of soft robotic systems.
Acceso abierto
A country-based data analysis of risk factors for cercival cancer in Colombia
(Uniandes, 2017) Wilches Mogollón, María Alejandra; Mura, Ivan; Akhavan Tabatabaei, Raha; Castillo Hernández, Mario
"Cervical cancer in one of the most common cancer worldwide. There are several screening policies that aim to reduce the incidence, prevalence and mortality rate, that consider some of the global risk factors but leave out some of the country specific factors that rise the risk of having the disease. For improving the screening policies, we developed a multilevel regression logistic model, taking as groups the department of living, and compare the risk factors of 2 surveys taken in 2010 and 2015 to Colombian population, for detecting the risk factors of the incidence of the disease in Colombia. Factors as living in violent environments and having previous STD should be considered in the cervical cancer screening policies for improving the life quality of Colombian women". -- Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.
Acceso abierto
A course recommendation system for limited information scenarios
(Universidad de los Andes, 2022-05-26) Sanguino Pérez, Juan Camilo; Manrique Piramanrique, Rubén Francisco; 1031122840; Mariño Drews, Olga; Moreno Barbosa, Andrés Darío
Recommender systems in educational contexts have proven effective to identify learning resources that fit the interests and needs of learners. Their usage has been of special interest in online self-learning scenarios to increase student retention and improve the learning experience. In current recommendation techniques, the quality of the recommendation is largely based on the explicit or implicit information obtained about the learners. On free massive online learning platforms, however, the information available about learners may be limited and based mostly on logs from website analytics tools such as Google Analytics. In this research, we address the challenge of recommending meaningful content with limited information from users by using rating estimation strategies from a log system.
Acceso abierto
A critical systems perspective on how to improve a collaborative learning process
(Uniandes, 2012) Barros Castro, Ricardo Abad; Pinzón Salcedo, Luis Arturo; Midgley, Gerald; Zarama Urdaneta, Roberto; Córdoba Pachón, José Rodrigo
This thesis emerged as a way to describe and reflect on the learning acquired throughout the process of designing and implementing two Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) projects in the field of Mathematical Problem-Solving (MPS) in education. This included reflections about how to improve mathematics students' skills and how to overcome CSCL-MPS challenges within the projects' perspective and according to the interests of the Colombian educational system. In doing so, the thesis takes into account, on one hand, the challenges to effective use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education in Colombia, and, on the other hand, the improvement of mathematics learning. This research is aimed at understanding how Critical Systems Thinking (CST) can contribute to improving a CSCL-MPS process in education. In general terms, this aim is achieved by analysing a collaborative learning process from a systemic intervention perspective that allowed us to take advantage of the theoretical and methodological pluralism, to pursue learning while improving the problem situation, and to use the theory of boundary critique to improve that process and to overcome the methodological challenges of CSCL-MPS research. Consequently, different theories and methodologies support this research. First, the learning process is analysed from a constructivist perspective on learning, taking into account diverse approaches (i.e. socio-constructivism, socio-culturalism, group cognition, knowledge building, situated learning, distributed cognition) and dimensions of the process (i.e. cognition, metacognition, collaboration, attitudes, etc.). Second, theories about the use of technology in education add elements to the learning process (ICT literacy, Virtual Learning Environments [VLEs]). Third, different approaches in mathematics learning, including "mathematical problem -solving" and "drill-and-practice", are used to explore the complexity of the mathematics learning-teaching process. Fourth, some traditional methods in the CSCL-MPS field (i.e. Social Network Analysis [SNA], Content Analysis [CA], and mathematical tests) are supported by methods from the systems thinking field (i.e. Critical Systems Heuristics [CSH] and Soft Systems Methodology [SSM]) to analyse the CSCL-MPS process, including learning purposes, participants' identities, cultural perspectives on the learning process, and the context of application. Finally, in addition to the main objective, the results of this research help to put together a proposal taking advantage of the Community of Practice (CoP) framework to support systemic intervention in analysing participants' identities. Hence, the CoP framework puts into consideration learning as a social, active, contextual process with different ways of building identities as trajectories of learning and different modes of identification and accountability. The CST field also supports the CoP framework by taking into account the concepts of boundary and rituals within the dimensions of design for learning in CoPs. Consequently, the research provides feedback to the fields of CSCL-MPS, CST, and CoP, as well as to the practical projects onto which the conceptual framework was applied

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